A Technical Group constituted by the Ministry of Housing and Urban Poverty Alleviation in 2006 to assess the urban housing shortage has estimated that at the end of the 10th Five Year Plan (2007-08), the total housing shortage in the country was 24.71 million. The Technical Group has further estimated the total requirement of housing during the 11th Five Year Plan period (2007-2012) will be 26.53 million.
Given the magnitude of the housing shortage and budgetary constraints of both the Central and State Governments, the National Urban Housing and Habitat Policy, 2007 (NUHHP:2007) focuses the spotlight on multiple stake-holders and aims at forging strong partnerships between the public, private and cooperative sectors for accelerated growth. However, ‘land’ and ‘colonisation’ being state subjects, it is for the State Governments to pursue the initiatives under the NUHHP: 2007.
The Ministry is also implementing schemes for providing affordable housing to urban poor. The Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission (JNNURM), launched by the Government in the year 2005 supports provision of housing and basic services to urban poor in slums in 65 specified cities under the Sub Mission Basic Services to the Urban Poor (BSUP) and in other cities and towns under the Integrated Housing and Slum Development Programme (IHSDP). The original allocation of Rs. 18141.34 crores under JNNURM has been enhanced to Rs. 23184.66 crores, with allocation of Rs. 16356.35 crores and Rs. 6828.31 crores respectively for BSUP and IHSDP. The schemes are demand driven and so far 15,60,102 houses have been sanctioned and Central share of Rs. 20787.90 crores committed for the purpose. Statewise details of projects sanctioned under BSUP and IHSDP are given at Annexure I and II respectively.
The Interest Subsidy Scheme for Housing the Urban Poor (ISHUP) provides for interest subsidy on housing loans to the Economically Weaker Sections (EWS) and Low Income Group (LIG) as part of credit-enablement measures and encourages these households to avail of loan facilities through Commercial Banks/Housing Finance Companies for the purposes of construction/acquisition of houses and avail 5% subsidy in interest payment for loans upto Rs. 1 lakh. An allocation of Rs. 1378 crores has been made for the scheme for the 11th Plan. A target of providing 3.10 lakh dwelling units has been kept for the 11th Plan period under this beneficiary driven Scheme being implemented through Banks/Housing Finance Companies, against which 5038 beneficiaries have been covered so far.
The scheme of Affordable Housing in Partnership seeks assembly of land for construction of affordable housing and provides Central Government assistance towards provision of internal and external infrastructure connectivity. The scheme which was launched in 2009 with an outlay of Rs. 5000 crores, seeks construction of 1 million houses for EWS/LIG/Middle Income Group (MIG) with at least 25% for EWS Category. 14 projects envisaging 19100 dwelling units with project cost of Rs. 792.04 crores with central share of Rs. 53.96 crores have been approved so far under the scheme. Statewise details of projects approved are given at Annexure III.
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