ISRO successfully launched third navigation satellite IRNSS 1C

Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) on 16 October 2014 successfully launched third navigation satellite Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System (IRNSS) 1C. 

Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV) C26 injected IRNSS 1C into the designated orbit from the first launch pad of Satish Dhawan Space Centre in Sriharikota. This was the 27th consecutive successful flight of PSLV.

Initially, the satellite was injected into a sub-geosynchronous transfer orbit with a 282.56 km perigee (nearest point to Earth) and 20670 km apogee (farthest point from Earth). Later, it was lifted to a geo-stationary orbit.

IRNSS 1C is the third member of the seven satellite constellation of the IRNSS. The first two satellites in the series were IRNSS 1A and IRNSS 1B.

The fourth navigational satellite of the IRNSS segment will be launched in December 2014 and the project will be fully operational in 2015.

About IRNSS 1C
•    The satellite IRNSS 1C is similar in composition to its predecessors 1A and 1B. It carries navigation and ranging payloads. 
•    It will play a vital role in the IRNSS operations right from guiding drivers on city roads to aerial navigation, disaster management, mapping and surveillance activities.
•    IRNSS 1C is designed to provide accurate position information service to users in the country as well as the region extending up to 1500 km from its boundary which is its primary service area.
•    The IRNSS 1C will be utilized for two services- Standard Positioning Service (SPS) extended to all users and Restricted Service (RS) which will be encrypted.
•    The IRNSS 1C carried two types of payloads, one for transmitting navigation service signals to the users and another consisting of a C-band transponder to facilitate Cube Retro Reflectors for laser ranging.

Indian space programme created history as Mangalyaan entered Mars orbit successfully

India’s Mars Orbiter Mission, Manglayaan on 24 September 2014 successfully entered the Martian orbit. To insert the spacecraft into the orbit the operation was started at scheduled time 07:17:32 am when its Liquid Apogee Motor (LAM) was fired for 24 minutes 16 seconds. 

By achieving this fete, India created the history of becoming the first country to insert the spacecraft of the mission around the Mars in first attempt. Apart from this, India also came one step closer to its cherished dream of landing on Mars.

This success of the scientists of ISRO was witnessed by Prime Minister Narendra Modi, who was present at the ISRO to see the crucial Mars Orbiter Insertion. After success of the mission, the Prime Minister congratulated the entire team of ISRO as well as the people of India for the great success. 

Other dignitaries present at the ISRO were Union Railway Minister Sadananda Gowda, Union Minister of State for Civil Aviation G M Siddeshwara, Indian Space Research Organisation Chairman, Dr. K Radhakrishnan and Senior Scientist UR Rao. 

Earlier on 22 September 2014, ISRO test-fired the crucial Liquid Apogee Motor (LAM) of the Mission’s main engine successfully.

Till date various countries has sent 51 missions to Mars of which only 21 were successful. This success of Mars orbiter Mission in the very first shot will boost India's global standing in Space.

Mangalyaan is primarily a technological mission and it has been configured to carry out observation of physical features and the atmosphere of Mars.  India on 5 November 2013 launched its first interplanetary mission from Sriharikota in Andhra Pradesh. The mission was executed within 15 months at the cost of 450 crore ($74 million) after the Union Government gave its approval for the mission.

Comparison of India’s Manglayaan and MAVEN of the US

On 22 September 2014, when MOM's motor engine was test fired to insert it into Martian orbit, the MAVEN of US entered the Martian orbit

	MOM (Manglayaan)	Mars Atmosphere and Volatile Evolution (MAVEN)
Attempts	Placed in first attempt	Was placed in 15thattempt
Cost	75 million US dollar	671 million US dollar
Weight during Lift-off	1350 kilograms	2250 Kilograms
Patyloads	Carried 5 payloads	Carried 7 payloads
Reach	closest distance from Mars is 377-423 kilometer	150 kilometer
Objective	The main focus of the study will be finding the presence of methane in the red planet.	To study upper atmosphere of the red planet. It is the first spacecraft dedicated to explore the tenuous upper atmosphere of Mars.

India's participation in the Thirty Metre Telescope Project at Mauna Kea, Hawaii, USA

The Union Cabinet chaired by the Prime Minister, Shri Narendra Modi,  gave its approval for India`s participation in the Thirty Metre Telescope (TMT) Project at Mauna Kea, Hawaii, USA at a total cost of Rs. 1299.8 crores from 2014-23. 

The TMT will be constructed at a cost of US$ 1.47 billion (in 2012 Base Year Dollars) by an international consortium consisting of institutions from the USA, Canada, Japan, India and China. From the Indian side, this will be a joint project of the Department of Science and Technology (DST) and the Department of Atomic Energy (DAE). With its contributions, India will be a 10 percent partner in the project and 70 percent of its contributions will be "in kind". This will translate into 25 to 30 observing nights on the telescope for Indian scientists per year. 

This will enable Indian scientists to access a state-of-the-art telescope to answer some of the most fundamental questions in modern science. Indian institutions and industry will acquire or gain access to sophisticated technologies of relevance to the country. India will also become a founding member of an important international scientific project. 

The TMT will enable scientists to study fainter objects far away from us in the Universe, which gives information about early stages of the evolution of the Universe. It will also give finer details of not-so-far-away objects such as undiscovered planets and other objects in the Solar System and planets around other stars. This partnership will also enhance India’s technological capabilities in high-technology areas such as primary mirror segment figuring and polishing, mirror support system and edge sensor assembly and testing, software for observatory controls, data analysis pipelines, adaptive optics techniques etc. 

The TMT will be one of the largest optical-infrared telescopes to come up in the next decade. Its 30 metre diameter primary mirror will consist of 492 segments of 1.44 metre diameter each. These mirror segments will be cleverly positioned relative to each other through sophisticated sensors, actuators and control systems, so that the entire assembly behaves like single monolithic mirror. Its performance will be further improved by employing "adaptive optics" techniques thereby achieving performance as if the telescope is located above the Earth`s atmosphere. 

This will be a national project anchored in the Indian Institute of Astrophysics (IIA), Bangalore and led by IIA, Aryabhatta Research Institute of Observational Sciences (ARIES), Nainital and Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics (IUCAA), Pune. It will leverage the best of science and technology from wherever available in the country - from R&D institutions, higher educational institutions and industry. All interested scientists from the country will get time on the TMT for their scientific studies on competitive basis. 

The implementation of the project will be overseen by a high-level Executive Council co-chaired by Secretary, Department of Science and Technology and Chairman, Atomic Energy Commission and Secretary, Department of Atomic Energy. 

ISRO successfully launched IRNSS 1B from Sriharikota

Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) launched India’s 2nd regional navigational satellite, IRNSS 1B from Sriharikota Space Station of Andhra Pradesh on 4th April. The launch of IRNSS series would enable India to have its own reliable and independent navigational resources for itself. The satellite was lifted off by the Polar Satellite Vehicle (PSLV) C 24 at 5.14 pm. IRNSS (Indian Regional navigational satellite) was injected by the launch vehicle after four stages of 19 minutes of its take off from Sriharikota. 

This launch of IRNSS 1B is the 25th successful launch of the PSLV series by ISRO. This launch of the satellite had brought India close to join the group of selected nations namely US, Russia, China, Japan and European countries. IRNSS series launch will benefit India from its applications including terrestrial, aerial and marine navigation, disaster management, vehicle tracking and fleet management. It will also provide visual and voice navigation for hikers and travelers. 

Astronomers discovered first-ever miniature planet with two rings

Astronomers in fourth week of March 2014 discovered a miniature planet named Charkilo with two rings of ice and pebbles between Saturn and Uranus in the Kuiper Belt. This is the first ever discovery of a celestial body with rings like giant planets Saturn and Jupiter. Rings of the discovered celestial body are not more than few hundred meters thick and are only three and seven kilometer wide.  The centers of the two rings are 14 kilometer and the gap between them is 9 Kilometer.
The smaller celestial body was discovered by a team of researchers from Niels Bohr Institute. It is two billion kilometers out in the solar system and has been named as Chariklo.

The rings of Chariklo were discovered for the first time with the help of a new camera being used on the Danish telescope at ESO’s La Silla Observatory in Chile. Although this miniature planet was known for many years but the rings were never observed. This camera has been developed at the Neils Bohr Institute. 
The planet, Charkilo is located in the Kupier Belt but at some point it is thrown out of this belt at the time of discovery it was was placed between Saturn and Uranus, in a collection of small objects called Centaur. Charkilo is the largest of all these objects with a diameter of 250 kilometer.

NASA-ISRO to launch water-related satellite

NASA, US space agency in collaboration with ISRO (Indian Space Research Organisation) would launch a water-related satellite. The Nasa-Indian Space Research Organisation Synthetic Aperture Radar mission is a part of its plan to launch in the next seven years a series of satellite related to water and drought.

Among others include the Ice, Cloud, and land Elevation Satellite-2 (ICESat-2); Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) Follow-on and Surface Water Ocean Topography mission. These satellite missions join more than a dozen NASA airborne sensors focused on regional-scale issues, understanding detailed Earth science processes and calibrating and validating NASA satellites.

The Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) Core Observatory, a joint satellite project with the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency is one such satellite which is scheduled for launch on February 27. This will inaugurate an unprecedented international satellite constellation that will produce the first nearly global observations of rainfall and snowfall. The new information will help answer questions about our planet's life-sustaining water cycle, and improve water resource management and weather forecasting.

Other such satellites are ISS-RapidScat and Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP). ISS-RapidScat, scheduled to launch to the International Space Station (ISS) in June, will extend the data record of ocean winds around the globe. The data are a key factor in climate research, weather and marine forecasting and tracking of storms and hurricanes. 

The Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP), launching in November, will inform water resource management decisions on water availability. SMAP data also will aid in predictions of plant growth and agricultural productivity, improve short-term weather forecasts and long-term climate change projections, and advance our ability to monitor droughts and predict floods and mitigate their related impacts on people's lives.

Scientists measured the distance to galaxies accurate to 1%

Scientists for the first time measured the distance to galaxies more than six billion light years away accurate to 1%. The analysis was revealed on 9 January 2014.

This new map was created from the BOSS – Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey using Sloan Foundation Telescope. This survey is one of the four projects being carried out by the Sloan Digital Sky Survey III (SDSS-111), at the Apache Point Observatory in New Mexico.

The analysis incorporates spectra of 1277503 galaxies and covers 8509 square degrees of the sky visible from the northern hemisphere. This is the largest sample of the universe ever surveyed at this density. Since 2009, BOSS has been collecting the data and will continue to gather till June 2014. The BOSS map used baryon acoustic oscillations (BAOs) as a standard measurement of the distance between galaxies. A BAO is an imprint of pressure waves from the early universe suspended in the barren depths of intergalactic space. 

Further, the phenomenon known as BAO is a subtle ripples in the distribution of galaxies throughout the Universe. These ripples were created during the formation of the early universe as particles of light (photons) and protons and neutrons (collectively known as baryons) created mammoth pressure waves pulsing through the cosmos.

The new results were presented by Schlegel and his team at the 223rd meeting of the American Astronomical Society. 

China has opened its Satellite System completely for Asian neighbours

China on welcomed the Asian countries to use its home grown BeiDou Navigation System for navigation system for free on 27th December. China is intended to widen the use of its home grown BeiDou Navigation System, which already has 16 satellites. China is keen to develop BeiDou satellite as an alternative to the American Global Positioning System (GPS) and Russian GLONASS.

GPS has been active since the 1970s and has satellites in orbit. The satellites have been operating for more than two decades. BeiDou launched the first of its current generation satellites only five years ago.GPS (Global Positioning System) comprises 30 satellites, while BeiDou already has over sixteen and is going to have another forty in orbit by the time the network is complete in 2020, at a cost of another 6 billion dollar. The greater the number of satellites, the easier it is for the system to calculate location, time and velocity of moving objects.

Bolivia launched country’s first telecommunications Satellite Tupak Katari

Bolivia on 20 December 2013 launched the country’s first telecommunication satellite Tupak Katari. The satellite has been named upon an indigenous national hero, who fought the 18th century Spanish colonial rule.  
The rocket carrying the satellite blast off from a base in China. Bolivia is one of the last countries in South America to have its own satellite. 
Ivan Zambrana is the Director of the Bolivian Space Agency. He said that the satellite should be fully operational by March 2014 and help to bring down communication cost and improve television and Internet services for people living in rural areas.

Europe launched Gaia satellite from French Guiana

Europe launched the Gaia satellite – one of the most ambitious space missions in the history. Giga lifted on a Soyuz rocket from Europe's Spaceport from the Kourou in French Guiana at 6:12 local time on 19th December 2013. It will map the precise positions and distances to more than a billion stars. 
This will give the first realistic picture of how the Milky Galaxy has been constructed and will also detect thousands of unseen objects like asteroids and new planets. 
The satellite is carrying two telescopes that will throw light on to a huge, one billion-pixel camera detector connected to a trio of instruments. It has been developed to sample the ultra-stable and supersensitive optical equipment to pinpoint. 
Giga’s journey will take about a month as it will travel about one and half kilometers to the observatory station from the earth. 

SpaceX launches new communication satellite for Asia

A new communication satellite which will provide television and cable TV services to countries such as India and China has been successfully launched aboard the first commercial rocket by private US company SpaceX, after two delays. 

The new 3.2-tonne SES-8 satellite launched yesterday from Cape Canaveral Air Force Station in Florida, and will provide TV and communications coverage for the South Asia and Asia Pacific regions. The satellite will be placed in geostationary orbit, meaning it will orbit at a fixed point above Earth, in sync with the Earth’s rotation. The California-based Space Exploration Technologies (SpaceX) successfully completed its first geostationary transfer mission, delivering the SES-8 satellite to its targeted 295 x 80,000 km orbit. 

Falcon 9’s flight met 100 per cent of mission objectives, lifting off from Space Launch Complex 40 (SLC-40). The satellite was built for satellite operator SES to serve its growing customer base in India and South East Asia. The launch was originally scheduled for early this year, but has been delayed by technical issues with the rocket. 

Approximately 185 seconds into flight, Falcon 9’s second stage’s single Merlin vacuum engine ignited to begin a five minute, 20 second burn that delivered the SES-8 satellite into its parking orbit. Eighteen minutes after injection into the parking orbit, the second stage engine relit for just over one minute to carry the SES-8 satellite to its final geostationary transfer orbit. 

“The successful insertion of the SES-8 satellite confirms the upgraded Falcon 9 launch vehicle delivers to the industry’s highest performance standards,” said Elon Musk, CEO and Chief Designer of SpaceX. “We appreciate SES’s early confidence in SpaceX and look forward to launching additional SES satellites in the years to come,” Musk said in a statement. SpaceX has nearly 50 launches on manifest, of which over 60 per cent are for commercial customers. 

China successfully launched unmanned Lunar Probe- Chang'e-3

China on 2 December 2013 successfully sent an unmanned lunar probe with a robotic rover to soft land on the Moon, and to explore moon’s surface. The probe Chang'e-3 was launched into orbit aboard an enhanced Long March-3B carrier rocket from the Xichang Satellite Launch Centre

The mission was the 25th launch of the Long March-3B, which is the most powerful launch vehicle in the Long March fleet. Chang'e-3 comprises a lander and a Moon rover called "Yutu" (Jade Rabbit).

The Chang'e-3 mission is the second phase of China's lunar program, which includes orbiting, landing and returning to Earth. It follows the success of the Chang'e-1 and Chang'e-2 missions in 2007 and 2010.The lunar probe will land on the Moon in mid-December 2013 according to the plan. So far, only the United States and the former Soviet Union have soft-landed on the Moon. India's Chandrayaan-1, which was credited to have discovered water in the lunar surface made a hard landing on the Moon.

Scientists discovered a New Planet called Kepler 78b

Scientists discovered a new planet called Kepler 78b which has a similar mass and density to that of Earth. It orbits a star 400 light years away. Kepler78b is composed mostly of rock and iron, very similar to our own planet. It is extremely close to its host star which is a hundredth of the distance between the Earth and the Sun.

But the temperature on Kepler 78b ranges from 2000 C to 2800 C in daytime which is far too hot to support any form of life.

The newly discovered planet belongs to a new class of ultrashort period planets. These planets complete one circuit of their host star in less than 12 hours.

NASA discovered First Known Tilted Planetary System

NASA’s Kepler space telescope on 18 October 2013 discovered a distant planetary system in the Space. The newly discovered planetary system features two inner planets orbiting at a severe tilt to their host star called Kepler-56.  It is first known tilted star system. That axis is tilted 45 degrees to the line of sight from Earth. These findings allow scientists to get a detailed picture of a distant system that provides a new and critical test of our understanding of the structure of these how these solar systems.

The team of Scientists studied regular changes in the brightness of the host star, Kepler-56, which is an old red giant star with two planets in close orbits and a massive third planet in a distant orbit.

Scientists measured those oscillation frequencies and they measured the star’s diameter and other properties using spectroscopy data about the star’s temperature and chemistry. Kepler-56 is more than four times the radius of our Sun. Its mass is also 30 per cent more than our Sun. It is about 3000 light years from Earth.

‘Epsilon’-Japan’s new, cheaper rocket successfully launched

Japan’s Aerospace Exploration Agency or JAXA successfully launched a new rocket named Epsilon which is cheaper and more efficient than its previous rockets.

Voyager-1 left the Solar System, entered Interstellar Space

NASA's Voyager-1 spacecraft officially became the first human-made object to venture into interstellar space on 12th September. The 36-year-old probe is about 12 billion miles (19 billion kilometers) from our sun. During its journey Voyager 1 has travelled through plasma or ionized gas, present in the space between stars for about one year. At present the Voyager is in the transition region, outside of the solar bubble. This transition region still has evidences of the effects of the sun. The Voyager NASA mission is at a distance of 19 billion kilometer from home and thus a radio signal sent from the voyager takes 17 long hours to reach its receivers on the earth. Launched in 1977, Voyager was sent initially to study the outer planets, but then just kept on going.

Curiosity navigates autonomously on Mars for first time

Curiosity, NASA’s rover is walking on the Mars autonomously for the first time. The rover will take images and decided its own safe driving path. The rover will cover large parts of Mars en route to Mount Sharp. It will study the information of environmental changes in ancient Mars. Geological layers in Mount sharp hold this information, it is informed.

India s first defence satellite GSAT-7 launched successfully

India's advanced multi-band communication satellite, GSAT-7, was successfully launched on August 30, 2013 by the Ariane-5 launch vehicle of Arianespace from Kourou, French Guiana. Ariane-5 precisely placed GSAT-7 into the intended Geosynchronous Transfer Orbit (GTO) after a flight of 34 minutes 25 seconds duration. 

As planned, ISRO's Master Control Facility (MCF) at Hassan in Karnataka started acquiring the signals five minutes prior to the separation of GSAT-7 from Ariane-5 launch vehicle. The solar panels of the satellite have been deployed and they are generating power. Initial checks have indicated normal health of the satellite. 

The present orbit of the satellite will be raised to Geostationary Orbit of about 36,000 km altitude through three orbit raising manoeuvres by firing of GSAT-7's Liquid Apogee Motor (LAM). Preparations are underway for the first firing, planned in the early hours of August 31, 2013. The satellite will be placed in the Geostationary Orbit by Sep 04, 2013.

                                        All Satellites

Satellite	Launch Date	Launch Vehicle	Type of Satellite
GSAT-7	30.08.2013	Ariane-5 VA-215	Geo-Stationary Satellite
INSAT-3D	26.07.2013	Ariane-5 VA-214	Geo-Stationary/Meteorological Satellite
IRNSS-1A	01.07.2013	PSLV-C22	Navigation Satellite
SARAL	25.02.2013	PSLV-C20	Earth Observation Satellite
GSAT-10	29.09.2012	Ariane-5 VA-209	Geo-Stationary Satellite
RISAT-1	26.04.2012	PSLV-C19	Earth Observation Satellite
Jugnu	12.10.2011	PSLV-C18	Experimental / Small Satellite
SRMSat	12.10.2011	PSLV-C18	Experimental / Small Satellite
Megha-Tropiques	12.10.2011	PSLV-C18	Earth Observation Satellite
GSAT-12	15.07.2011	PSLV-C17	Geo-Stationary Satellite
GSAT-8	21.05.2011	Ariane-5 VA-202	Geo-Stationary Satellite
RESOURCESAT-2	20.04.2011	PSLV-C16	Earth Observation Satellite
YOUTHSAT	20.04.2011	PSLV-C16	Experimental / Small Satellite
GSAT-5P	25.12.2010	GSLV-F06	Geo-Stationary Satellite
STUDSAT	12.07.2010	PSLV-C15	Experimental / Small Satellite
CARTOSAT-2B	12.07.2010	PSLV-C15	Earth Observation Satellite
GSAT-4	15.04.2010	GSLV-D3	Geo-Stationary Satellite
Oceansat-2	23.09.2009	PSLV-C14	Earth Observation Satellite
ANUSAT	20.04.2009	PSLV-C12	Experimental / Small Satellite
RISAT-2	20.04.2009	PSLV-C12	Earth Observation Satellite
Chandrayaan-1	22.10.2008	PSLV-C11	Space Mission
CARTOSAT - 2A	28.04.2008	PSLV-C9	Earth Observation Satellite
IMS-1	28.04.2008	PSLV-C9	Earth Observation Satellite
INSAT-4B	12.03.2007	Ariane-5ECA	Geo-Stationary Satellite
CARTOSAT - 2	10.01.2007	PSLV-C7	Earth Observation Satellite
SRE - 1	10.01.2007	PSLV-C7	Experimental / Small Satellite
INSAT-4CR	02.09.2007	GSLV-F04	Geo-Stationary Satellite
INSAT-4C	10.07.2006	GSLV-F02	Geo-Stationary Satellite
INSAT-4A	22.12.2005	Ariane-5GS	Geo-Stationary Satellite
HAMSAT	05.05.2005	PSLV-C6	Experimental / Small Satellite
CARTOSAT-1	05.05.2005	PSLV-C6	Earth Observation Satellite
EDUSAT (GSAT-3)	20.09.2004	GSLV-F01	Geo-Stationary Satellite
Resourcesat-1(IRS-P6)	17.10.2003	PSLV-C5	Earth Observation Satellite
INSAT-3A	10.04.2003	Ariane-5G	Geo-Stationary Satellite
INSAT-3E	28.09.2003	Ariane-5G	Geo-Stationary Satellite
GSAT-2	08.05.2003	GSLV-D2	Geo-Stationary Satellite
KALPANA-1(METSAT)	12.09.2002	PSLV-C4	Geo-Stationary Satellite
INSAT-3C	24.01.2002	Ariane-42L H10-3	Geo-Stationary Satellite
Technology Experiment Satellite (TES)	22.10.2001	PSLV-C3	Earth Observation Satellite
GSAT-1	18.04.2001	GSLV-D1	Geo-Stationary Satellite
INSAT-3B	22.03.2000	Ariane-5G	Geo-Stationary Satellite
Oceansat(IRS-P4)	26.05.1999	PSLV-C2	Earth Observation Satellite
INSAT-2E	03.04.1999	Ariane-42P H10-3	Geo-Stationary Satellite
INSAT-2DT	January 1998	Ariane-44L H10	Geo-Stationary Satellite
IRS-1D	29.09.1997	PSLV-C1	Earth Observation Satellite
INSAT-2D	04.06.1997	Ariane-44L H10-3	Geo-Stationary Satellite
IRS-P3	21.03.1996	PSLV-D3	Earth Observation Satellite
IRS-1C	28.12.1995	Molniya	Earth Observation Satellite
INSAT-2C	07.12.1995	Ariane-44L H10-3	Geo-Stationary Satellite
IRS-P2	15.10.1994	PSLV-D2	Earth Observation Satellite
Stretched Rohini Satellite Series (SROSS-C2)	04.05.1994	ASLV	Space Mission
IRS-1E	20.09.1993	PSLV-D1	Earth Observation Satellite
INSAT-2B	23.07.1993	Ariane-44L H10+	Geo-Stationary Satellite
INSAT-2A	10.07.1992	Ariane-44L H10	Geo-Stationary Satellite
Stretched Rohini Satellite Series (SROSS-C)	20.05.1992	ASLV	Space Mission
IRS-1B	29.08.1991	Vostok	Earth Observation Satellite
INSAT-1D	12.06.1990	Delta 4925	Geo-Stationary Satellite
INSAT-1C	21.07.1988	Ariane-3	Geo-Stationary Satellite
Stretched Rohini Satellite Series (SROSS-2)	13.07.1988	ASLV	Earth Observation Satellite
IRS-1A	17.03.1988	Vostok	Earth Observation Satellite
Stretched Rohini Satellite Series (SROSS-1)	24.03.1987	ASLV	Space Mission
INSAT-1B	30.08.1983	Shuttle [PAM-D]	Geo-Stationary Satellite
Rohini (RS-D2)	17.04.1983	SLV-3	Earth Observation Satellite
INSAT-1A	10.04.1982	Delta 3910 PAM-D	Geo-Stationary Satellite
Bhaskara-II	20.11.1981	C-1 Intercosmos	Earth Observation Satellite
Ariane Passenger Payload Experiment (APPLE)	19.06.1981	Ariane-1(V-3)	Geo-Stationary Satellite
Rohini (RS-D1)	31.05.1981	SLV-3	Earth Observation Satellite
Rohini (RS-1)	18.07.1980	SLV-3	Experimental / Small Satellite
Rohini Technology Payload (RTP)	10.08.1979	SLV-3	Experimental / Small Satellite
Bhaskara-I	07.06.1979	C-1 Intercosmos	Earth Observation Satellite
Aryabhata	19.04.1975	C-1 Intercosmos	Experimental / Small Satellite